In 2021 hydrogen demand for refining was 40 Mt. Almost half of global hydrogen demand for refining in 2021 was observed in two regions – North America at 10 Mt and China at over 9 Mt (see Figure 6).
*STEPS: Stated Policies Scenario , *APS: Announced Pledges Scenario
Figure 6: Global hydrogen demand in refineries, 2015-2030
(Source: IEA 2022- Global Hydrogen Review)